History
Caledon's hot springs were known to the Khoi-Khoi people long before European contact. The town was formally established in 1813 and named after the Earl of Caledon, Governor of the Cape Colony. The hot springs were developed as a health resort in the 19th century, attracting visitors from Cape Town and surrounding farming communities. The Overberg's wheat and canola farming developed around the town, and Caledon became the district's main market town.
What Caledon is Known For
Caledon is known for its natural hot mineral springs and the Caledon Casino, Hotel and Spa — the springs are the town's primary tourist draw, with mineral-rich water flowing from three different sources. The Overberg Wildflower Garden, established in 1927, has an extensive collection of renosterveld and fynbos species. The Caledon Museum documents the history of the Overberg and the 1820 settler era. The town is the starting point for several Overberg hiking routes.
Key Areas & Neighbourhoods
The town centre along Plein Street is the commercial hub with banks, retailers, and government offices. The casino and hotel complex is a self-contained resort on the edge of town. Residential areas are quiet suburban streets typical of a Western Cape service town. Kerstenbos and Bellevue are established residential suburbs. Surrounding farms produce wheat, canola, and rooibos in the Overberg landscape.
Economy & Industry
Agriculture — wheat, canola, and livestock — is the primary economic base. The casino and spa resort is the largest single tourism employer. Retail and government services serve the Theewaterskloof district. Healthcare and education are significant employers. The Theewaterskloof Dam, the largest reservoir in the Western Cape, is 20 km east and supplies most of Cape Town's water.
Tips for Visitors & New Residents
Caledon is 120 km from Cape Town on the N2. The casino and spa resort is the main accommodation option — book ahead for long weekends. The hot mineral spring pools are accessible as a day visitor. The Overberg Wildflower Garden is free and worth an hour walk. The Theewaterskloof Dam viewpoint is a scenic detour. Combine with Hermanus (60 km west) for whale watching in season. The town has a full hospital and good retail.